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Advanced Swaps - Pricing, Trading and Risk Management

Duration: 2 days
  • Quick Recap of Swap Valuation Techniques
  • Swap-related Options and Option Embedded Swaps
  • BDT-model with Time Varying Variance
  • Practical Calibration and Calculation Issues
  • Valuation of Credit Risk Swaps
  • Financial Engineering with Swaps
The objective of this seminar is to give the participants a good understanding of the pricing and applications of more advanced swaps and of swap-related option structures. We start with a quick recap of the fundamental valuation techniques.

We then turn to examine swap-related options ranging from the simple cap to the highly complex American cancellation swap. We illustrate how the standard Black model can be extended to value the European swaptions but for the American swaptions a numerical approach is needed. Here we will use the BDT-model with a time varying volatility. We discuss practical calibration issues in building binomial trees and the trade-off between accuracy and calculation time. The binomial tree is used to calculate the probability of exercise of the swap related option together with the expected lifetime of the American option.

We then look in detail into how swaps and interest rate options can be used in financial management. Synthetic cash flows are created using swaps and we show how profits on illiquid instruments can be turned into locked-in spreads on swaps. Also the importance of swaps in exploiting funding opportunities is discussed together with tax and regulatory arbitrage.

We look at the highly popular credit default swaps (including “first-to-default”, “second-to-default” and “nth-to-default” swaps), total return swaps and equity default swaps and see how these structures can be used in managing the credit risk exposure.

We look at various applications of swaps in portfolio management including duration management, cash-flow matching and the hedging of contingent exposures.

Finally we look at financial engineering with swaps and interest rate options, where we start by formulating a toolbox of fundamental building blocks in structured products. We also discuss possible goals and intensions for using structured products. We conclude the presentation by going through some popular structured products containing swaps and/or interest rate options.
 

Day One

09.00 - 09.15 Welcome and Introduction

09.15 - 12.00 Quick Recap of Swap Valuation Techniques

  • Bootstrapping
  • Cubic Splining
  • Incorporating Credit Spreads
  • Projecting Cash Flows

Swap-Related Options and Option Embedded Swaps

  • Interest Rate Guarantees, Caps, Floors and Collars
    • Pay-of profiles
  • Swaptions
    • Receiver/payer swaptions
    • European, American, Bermudan types
  • Using Swap-Related Options to Manage Interest Rate Risk
    • Case Study : Hedging Loan with Swap, Cap or Collar
  • Analytical/numerical valuation
  • Analytical valuation (Black)
    • Extending the standard Black framework
    • Calculating the greeks
  • Exercises

12.00 - 13.00 Lunch

13.00 - 16.30 Swap-Related Options and Option Embedded Swaps (Continued)

  • Numerical valuation
    • The BDT-model
    • Calibrating a binomial tree to discount factors and time varying volatility
    • Extracting sub-trees from the binomial tree
    • Finding future Par-rates using subtrees
  • Option Embedded Swaps
    • Cancellation swaps
    • Extendable swaps
    • Calculating the exercise probability
    • Calculating the expected lifetime of the Swaption

Day Two

09.00 - 09.15 Brief recap

09.15 - 12.00 Using Swaps and Interest Rate Options in Financial Management

  • Creating Synthetic Cash Flows
    • Asset swaps
    • Liability swaps
    • Locking In Unrealized Profits
  • Utilizing Funding Opportunities in Foreign Markets
  • Tax and Regulatory arbitrage
  • Credit Risk Management
    • Asset swaps
    • Bonds
    • Credit default swaps
    • N’th to default swap
    • Total return swap
    • Equity default swap
  • Portfolio Management with Swaps and IROs
    • Using swaps in duration management
    • Cash-Flow Matching with Swaps
    • Swap overlay strategies
    • Using Caps, Floors and Swaptions
  • Exercises

12.00 - 13.00 Lunch

13.00 - 15.45 Financial Engineering with Swaps/Options

  • Constructing Synthetic Instruments
    • Goals and building blocks
  • Examples of Structured Products with Embedded Swaps and/or Options
    • Reverse Floaters
    • Bear Notes
    • CMS Floaters
    • Targeted Redemption Notes
    • Capped Floaters
    • Callable Snowball Notes
    • Range Accrual Notes
  • Case Studies and Exercises

Evaluation and Termination of the Seminar

Calendar

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